Parantheses are escaped in xmp metadata which leads to conflicts validating the pdf as PDFa/1b which requires identical data in pdf properties and xmp
This is covered (rather obscurely) in the docuemntation in gs/doc/ps2pdf.htm under the -sDSCEncoding switch. If you leave this at the default then no 'encoding' is applied to the data at all, this includes undoing the escapement of certain characters required by PostScript to create valid strings. Setting this switch to PDFDocEncoding as recommended in the documentation does result in a PDF/A file which works correctly. It does seem unreasonable that we don't at least undo the escapement of PostScript strings, so I've added code to do this in revision 10142, patch here: http://ghostscript.com/pipermail/gs-cvs/2009-October/009866.html